Following Green & Gerber,this section is not rated by level of confidence. These statements are unrated impressions from a growing body of research.
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Professional phone banks

*** Live calls by professional phonebanks increase turnout a bit. High quality, thus higher cost calls (i.e., by well trained staff who can engage people), are more effective, although the increase only averaged about 1.4% of those who were contacted (i.e., 1 vote for 71 contacts) in available studies.

(Green & Gerber, 2023) (Loewenstein, J., Newby, R.)